Watch our Sea Otter Cam and see animated sea otters live now on exhibit as they swim, play with toys, lounge in ice buckets and eat during our daily feeding shows at the Monterey Bay Aquarium. North American river otters also currently inhabit coastal regions throughout the United States and Canada. River otters have long, stiff and highly sensitive facial whiskers that aid in locating and capturing prey. Weights are between 26 and 32kg (57 and 71lb) for males and 22 and 26kg (49 and 57lb) for females. [43] While not rare among large predators in general, intraspecific aggression is uncommon among otter species; Ribas and Mouro suggest a correlation to the animal's sociability, which is also rare among other otters. The European River Otter shares similar sleeping habits, spending most of the day sleeping in undergrowth or the holes which are their dens. However, urbanization and pollution instigated reductions in range area. Two river dolphins, the tucuxi and boto, might potentially compete with the giant otter, but different spatial use and dietary preferences suggest minimal overlap. [84] In a report for World Wildlife Fund in 2002, Duplaix was emphatic about the importance of Suriname and the other Guianas:[63] .mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}. [81], The giant otter has lost as much as 80% of its South American range. Giant otters catch their own food and consume it immediately; they grasp the fish firmly between the forepaws and begin eating noisily at the head. Other researchers suggest approximately 7 square kilometres (2.7sqmi) and note a strong inverse correlation between sociality and home range size; the highly social giant otter has smaller home range sizes than would be expected for a species of its mass. In warmer times, you may also see otters sliding down a riverbank. Otters did not make extensive long-distance movements away from the Murphree area. River otter fur ranges from light to dark, rich brown. [57][58][37][59], Threats to North American river otter populations in North America vary regionally. [21], The giant otter is clearly distinguished from other otters by morphological and behavioural characteristics. [30], At the time of Carter and Rosas' writing, vision had not been directly studied, but field observations show the animal primarily hunts by sight; above water, it is able to recognize observers at great distances. The river otter is protected and insulated by a thick, water-repellent coat of fur. [1] Otters have recently re-established themselves on Prince Edward Island. Females are roughly one-third the size of males. Diet of the River Otter River otters eat virtually anything that you can find near lakes or streams. In Canto State Park, otters dig their reproductive dens on the shores of oxbow lakes starting around July, when waters are already quite low. It is regulated internationally under Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) meaning commercial trade in specimens (including parts and derivatives) is prohibited. [83] Duplaix returned to the country in 2000 and found the giant otter still present on the Kaburi Creek, a "jewel" of biodiversity, although increased human presence and land use suggests, sooner or later, the species may not be able to find suitable habitat for campsites. North American river otters ( Lontra canadensis) can grow up to four feet from the tip of their nose to the tip of their tail and weigh up to 30 pounds. The giant otter is diurnal, being active exclusively during daylight hours. Giant Otter This South American otter is the world's largest, at some 6 feet long. [1] They are now absent or rare in Arizona, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, and West Virginia. Even fast-swimming fish like trout slow down in extremely cold water, leaving them vulnerable. Giant otters adopt communal latrines beside campsites, and dig dens with a handful of entrances, typically under root systems or fallen trees. [9] The mammal was identified as a species of otter and has a variety of common names, including North American river otter, northern river otter, common otter and, simply, river otter. [36], North American river otters may prefer to feed on crustaceans, especially crayfish (Cambarus, Pacifasticus, and others) and crabs[23] more than fish where they are locally and seasonally plentiful. 3001 Connecticut Ave., NW Fish from the order Perciformes, particularly cichlids and perch, were seen in 97% of scats, and Characiformes, such as characins, in 86%. The Maine Fish and Game Commissioner at the time, George J. Stoble, said that the critter, which Bolstridge trapped on the Fish River, was a world's record otter. River otters show up in downtown Cuyahoga Falls for first time in long time River otters are native to Ohio but seeing one in downtown Cuyahoga Falls is a bit like saying you've spotted Bigfoot. If theyre there, its a good sign.. Decades of poaching for its velvety pelt, peaking in the 1950s and 1960s, considerably diminished population numbers. [16] Each otter pup weighs approximately five ounces. The giant otter subsists almost exclusively on a diet of fish, particularly characins and catfish, but may also eat crabs, turtles, snakes and small caimans. Protect local waterways by using fewer pesticides when caring for your garden or lawn. The largest river otter is the North American river otter, ranging from 100 to 153 cm (39-60 in.). This dilemma prevents, and consequently inhibits, recolonization or growth of North American river otter populations. Also, North American river otters have large molars used for crushing hard objects, such as the shells of molluscs. [40] One fight was directly observed in the Brazilian Pantanal in which three animals violently engaged a single individual near a range boundary. [48], Mothers give birth to furred and blind cubs in an underground den near the river shore and fishing sites. [5] They are weaned by nine months and begin hunting successfully soon after. [48], The giant otter is an apex predator, and its population status reflects the overall health of riverine ecosystems. Let's meet the 440-pound otter, the largest otter that ever lived. River otters are adapted to a semi-aquatic lifestyle and can typically be seen "playing" in a stream, river, or alongside the banks of a waterway. The most common fish consumed are perch, suckers, and catfish. [50] Fish species frequently found in the diets of the North American river otters include: Catostomidae, which consists of suckers (Catostomus spp.) If you have seen the elusive river otter in the wild, you are one of the lucky few.At zoos, otters are among the most visited . (Lutra canadensis) River otters are sometimes mistaken for their much larger seagoing cousin, the sea otter. Winds E at 5 to 10 mph.. Tonight [8], The Boror people have a legend on the origin of tobacco smoking: those who used the leaf improperly by swallowing it were punished by being transformed into giant otters; the Bororo also associate the giant otter with fish and with fire. In addition to the survey data, DEC collects public sighting data for river otter and other furbearer species. An IUCN study in 2006 suggested 1,000 to 5,000 otters remain. The female otters do not dig their own dens; instead, they rely on other animals, such as beavers, to provide suitable environments to raise their offspring. As a result, slow-swimming fish are consumed more often than game fishes when both are equally available. Well suited for an aquatic life, it can close its ears and nose while underwater. Appearance: Dark shiny brown fur. [22], Its whiskers (vibrissae) are long and thick, enhancing their senses. They prefer unpolluted water with a minimal human disturbance. Male North American river otters do not seem to be territorial, and newly dispersing males may join established male groups. They spend a significant portion of the day scent marking territory by urinating, defecating, scratching and rubbing their scent glands on rocks and trees. [2], North American river otters, like most predators, prey upon the most readily accessible species. A third eyelid, or nictitating membrane, protects the eye and allows the otter to see when swimming underwater. How Do You Train A Lemur For Voluntary Radiographs? [64], Giant otters use areas beside rivers for building dens, campsites, and latrines. An adult North American river otter can weigh between 5.0 and 14 kg (11.0 and 30.9 lb). [14] Total population numbers are difficult to estimate. The giant river otter can weigh up to 99 pounds. It can tolerate a great range of temperature and elevations. In Brazil it is known as ariranha, from the Tup word ari'raa, meaning water jaguar (Portuguese: ona-d'gua). [33] Every study done on the food habits of the North American river otter has identified varying fish species as being the primary component of its diet. [28] Unique markings of white or cream fur color the throat and under the chin, allow individuals to be identified from birth. This ancient otter weighed as much as an adult lion. River otters are an indicator species, according to Hartig, acting as a measure of cleanliness in the water. [16], Males and female river otters show different non-sexual physical characteristics,[23] with males typically being larger. The smallest river otter is the marine otter, averaging 87 to 115 cm (34-45 in.). The tail is long, wide, and quite thick at the base. [34] Other species of birds found within their diets include: northern pintail (Anas acuta); mallard (Anas platyrhynchos); canvasback (Aythya valisineria); ruddy duck (Oxyura jamaicensis); and the American coot (Fulica americana). Utreras[65] presumed habitat requirements and availability would differ dramatically in the rainy season: estimating range sizes of 1.98 to as much as 19.55square kilometres (0.76 to 7.55sqmiles) for the groups. Otter pups aren't born with swimming skills, they learn from their mothers. Limits on the number of tourists at any one time, fishing prohibitions, and a minimum safe distance of 50 metres (164ft) are proposed to offer further protection. [61] In some cases, supposed cooperative hunting may be incidental, a result of group members fishing individually in close proximity; truly coordinated hunting may only occur where the prey cannot be taken by a single giant otter, such as with small anacondas and juvenile black caiman. [14][76][77], More recently, habitat destruction and degradation have become the principal dangers, and a further reduction of 50% is expected in giant otter numbers within the 20 years after 2004 (about the span of three generations of giant otters). Before the giant river otter, there was an otter that weighed more than four times the largest living otter species. [50] Males actively participate in rearing cubs and family cohesion is strong;[51] older, juvenile siblings also participate in rearing, although in the weeks immediately after birth, they may temporarily leave the group. These include mudminnows (Umbra limi) and sculpins (Cottus spp.). It was the first time the otters had been seen there in 100 years. Ammoland America's oldest Second Amendment . However, waterpollution, uncontrolled trapping and severe habitat loss have reduced the number of river otters. In the United States, there are sea otters and the North American river otter, or . A number of reintroduction projects have been initiated to help halt the reduction in the overall population. Well, with a lot of help from a friend, who did some of his own research, this is what he found about Walter Bolstridge's world record otter: They are found throughout most of North America - from the Rio Grande in Northern Mexico to Canada and Alaska. Low 49F. The species is territorial, with groups marking their ranges with latrines, gland secretions, and vocalizations. Discover the fascinating world of animal training and enrichment at the Aquarium. After an encounter with a river otter sent a man to a hospital, officials at Lassen Volcanic National Park in Northern California are warning people to stay out of the water at a popular lake.. Organize or attend a stream, river, lake or other waterway cleanup in your area to preserve aquatic habitats for local species. Schoolchildren, however, had a more positive impression of the animal. A river otter is a small, aquatic mammal that can be found in rivers and lakes in North America. Group hierarchies are not rigid and the animals easily share roles. [88], In Suriname, the giant otter is not a traditional prey species for human hunters, which affords some protection. Giant otters served as Yaku runa's canoes. ). Information about river otter breeding and reproductive and social behavior is varied due to the difficulty of studying these animals in the wild. The muzzle appears broad. Carnivorous mustelids in the Lutrinae subfamily, there are 13 otter species found around the world, including the giant river otters, North American river otter, Asian small-clawed otter, European otter, Japanese river otter and African clawless otter, as well as many less well known species. [49] However, large populations never occurred in areas of Southern California such as the chaparral and oak woodlands and Mojave Desert seasonal waterway regions, or in the xeric shrubland regions in New Mexico, Texas, Nevada, and Colorado. Researchers emphasize that even between groups, conflict avoidance is generally adopted. [35] An analysis published in 2014 cataloged 22 distinct types of vocalization in adults and 11 in neonates. [62], Other species that prey upon similar food resources include the caimans and large fish that are themselves piscivores. [34][50] Invertebrates discovered within scats or digestive tracts could most likely be a secondary food item, first being consumed by the fish that are subsequently preyed upon by the North American river otters. [51], Adult North American river otters are capable of consuming 1 to 1.5 kilograms (2.2 to 3.3lb) of fish per day. River otters will eat just about any living creature they can catch. ); darters (Etheostoma spp. Luckily for a few of . Otters primarily feed on fish and aquatic organisms including crayfish, frogs, and other miscellaneous animals. A river otter has been spotted in the Detroit River for the first time in a century. (Photo by David Cannon/Getty Images). North American river otters, also called Canadian otters, have long, muscular, streamlined bodies with short legs and fully webbed feet bearing non-retractable claws. Usually when I see something like that, its a muskrat or a mink, which are much more common in this area., How otters and beavers returned to one of the world's greatest golf courses. Defence against intruding animals appears to be cooperative: while adult males typically lead in aggressive encounters, cases of alpha females guarding groups have been reported. What to Watch for Size: 3-4' long including the tail which is about one third of the total length. [29][30], The diet of the North American river otter can be deduced by analyzing either stool obtained in the field,[31] or gut contents removed from trapped otters. That home range shrinks drastically during breeding and rearing season. [2] Four specific vegetation types occur on one important creek in Suriname: riverbank high forest, floodable mixed marsh and high swamp forest, floodable low marsh forest, and grass islands and floating meadows within open areas of the creek itself. [16], North American river otters can live 2125 years in captivity,[23][16] or 813 years in the wild. [14] (Larger figures may reflect two or three family groups temporarily feeding together. [2] Given local extinctions, the species' range has become discontinuous. Early travelers' reports describe noisy groups surrounding explorers' boats, but little scientific information was available on the species until Duplaix's groundbreaking work in the late 1970s. [2] A significant population lives in the wetlands of the central Araguaia River, and in particular within Canto State Park, which, with its 843 oxbow lakes and extensive flooded forests and marshlands, is one of the best habitat patches for this species in Brazil. This thrilling Chilean trek is the world's southernmost hike. North American river otters are very susceptible to the effects of environmental pollution, which is a likely factor in the continued decline of their numbers. [48] Pups open their eyes in their fourth week, begin walking in their fifth, and are able to swim confidently between 12 and 14 weeks old. [63] Duplaix identified two critical factors in habitat selection: food abundance, which appears to positively correlate to shallow water, and low sloping banks with good cover and easy access to preferred water types. River otters are found throughout most of North America from the Rio Grande to Canada and Alaska, except for in arid deserts and the treeless Arctic. It is the longest member of the weasel family, Mustelidae, a globally successful group of predators, reaching up to 1.8m (5ft 11in). [52], Studies of giant otters in captivity have given indications about the environment necessary to both maintain a physically and behaviorally healthy population and allow successful cub-rearing. )[78] The animal sometimes drowns in nets set across rivers and machete attacks by fishermen have been noted, according to Duplaix, but "tolerance is the rule" in Suriname. ), with a maximum recorded length of 240 cm (94 in. The otters migrated to North America and southwards again across the Panamanian Land Bridge, which formed 3Mya. The initial goals of the study are: The river otter ( Lutra canadensis) is the best swimmer of the weasel, or Mustelidae, family. The North American River Otter, for instance, is nocturnal three seasons and more diurnal only in the winter. This means they likely arrived in the Americas at a similar time as humans,[17] meaning humans were an important part of their natural ecosystem from the moment otters arrived. These can become quite extensive, including "backdoor" exits into forests and swamps, away from the water. HISTORY . The species was listed as endangered in 1999 and wild population estimates are typically below 5,000. [20] Large male North American river otters can exceed a weight of 15 kilograms (33lb). [30] However, river otters will prey on trout, pike, walleye (Sander vitreus vitreus), salmon (Oncorhynchus spp. While revealing of the affection held for the animals, the seizure was a profound blow to the breeding pair, which went on to lose their territory to competitors. Preceding the settlement of North America by Europeans, North American river otters were prevalent among aquatic habitats throughout most of the continent. [38][40], When left unchecked, though, otters can be significant predators under certain circumstances (e.g. North American river otters are not scavengers; they avoid consuming carrion (dead animals). [53] However, when water levels are lower, crayfish will seek out shelter while fish become more highly concentrated and susceptible to predation. [53], During the winter and spring, when the water levels were higher, North American river otters had a greater tendency to prey upon crayfish (73% of scats had crayfish remains) rather than fish. Ste Marie and his partner sprinted a few hundred yards to the walkway where the otter was headed. The cause of the excitement was the sighting, last week, of a wild giant river otter - an animal feared extinct in the country due to habitat loss and hunting - on the Bermejo River in . While young otters swim naturally, the mother must coax them into the water for their first swim. ", "North American River Otter National Wildlife Federation", "Basic Facts About North American River Otters", "Distribution and abundance of river otter in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota", "Food habits of the river otter in Suisun Marsh, Central California", "Feeding relationships of river otters in northeastern Pennsylvania", Food habits of the North American river otter (, "Social Networks and the Formation and Maintenance of River Otter Groups", "Art Lander's Outdoors: Once endangered river otters now likely to be found in Kentucky for generations", Colorado Otters May No Longer Need Protection, How river otters are making a comeback on P.E.I. [39] Remains of the much larger North American beaver have been found in North American river otter scat in some regions, although most otter dietary studies in areas where otters and beaver live near each other do not show them to be regular predators of beavers (despite the claims of fur-trappers that otters frequently hunt beavers) and perhaps only young beaver kits may be attacked. All this information combined tells scientists a lot of information about where otters live. [69] Pups are more vulnerable, and may be taken by caiman and other large predators,[52] although adults are constantly mindful of stray young, and will harass and fight off possible predators. The implementation of CITES in 1973 finally brought about significant hunting reductions,[14] although demand did not disappear entirely: in the 1980s, pelt prices were as high as US$250 on the European market. The giant otter has a handful of other names. [62] In addition, solitary animals and young may be vulnerable to attacks by the jaguar, cougar, and anaconda, but this is based on historical reports, not direct observation. [26] Additional premolars may be present. [23], North American river otters consume an extensive assortment of fish species ranging in size from 2 to 50 centimeters (0.79 to 19.69in) that impart sufficient caloric intake for a minute amount of energy expenditure. ), and the maximum movement recorded was 7.3 km (4.5 mi.). They can dive up to 60 feet and stay underwater for as long as four minutes. Acid drainage from coal mines is a persistent water quality issue in some areas, as it eliminates otter prey. North American river otters are likelythe most numerous of the otter species. The river otter Lontra canadensis is an elusive species that can serve an important role in aquatic ecosystems as a top predator of fish and crayfish. [15] P. b. paraguensis is supposedly smaller and more gregarious, with different dentition and skull morphology. These include providing at least the minimum recommended land-to-water area ratio, and that all enclosure land surfaces (both artificial and natural) are nearly entirely covered with the recommended substrate conditions (e.g. Pups grow rapidly and emerge from the den at about 2 months of age. An entrance, which may be under water or above ground, leads to a nest chamber lined with leaves, grass, moss, bark, and hair. Jan. 20, 2022 5:24 PM PT. A wavering scream may be used in bluff charges against intruders, while a low growl is used for aggressive warning. [34] A 1994 river otter study reported findings of beaver remains in 27 of 1,191 scats analyzed. [17] The ears are small and rounded. [41] One tentative theory for the development of sociality in mustelids is that locally abundant but unpredictably dispersed prey causes groups to form. [33] Otters have been found to consume invasive Asian carp. River otters stay in family groups during the summer and early fall. If the river is cleaner for the river otter, maybe its cleaner for you and me, he added. The park harbors many endangered plants and animals, including the giant otter, and holds the world record for mammal diversity. In a Facebook post on Friday evening, the zoo said a 13-year-old female North American river . [35] However, North American river otters, as foragers, will immediately take advantage of other prey when readily obtainable. Download River Otter stock photos. [18] Carter and Rosas found average areas a third this size. [42] Population densities varied with a high of 1.2/km2 (3.1/sqmi) reported in Suriname and with a low of 0.154/km2 (0.40/sqmi) found in Guyana. Despite its common name, the North American river otter is equally comfortable in either coastal marine or freshwater habitats. They live in riparian zones, which are the areas that border stream, rivers, and lakes. Two male otters, a father and son pair named Emmett and Potomac, live on American Trail. The giant otter shows a variety of adaptations suitable to an amphibious lifestyle, including exceptionally dense fur, a wing-like tail, and webbed feet. River otters have been blamed for decimating game fish populations and are seen as a pest to eradicate by many game fishermen. ), daces (Rhinichthys spp. River otters, semiaquatic mammals that can grow up to 30 lbs. The giant otter is an especially noisy animal, with a complex repertoire of vocalizations. [1] P. b. brasiliensis is distributed across the north of the giant otter range, including the Orinoco, Amazon, and Guianas river systems; to the south, P. b. paraguensis has been suggested in Paraguay, Uruguay, southern Brazil, and northern Argentina,[14] although it may be extinct in the last three of these four. What is clear is that there is a delayed implantation of nine to 11 months, with actual gestation taking about 60 days. This otter is slightly paler ventrally, especially on the throat. Oil would coat their fur and they couldnt thermoregulate and keep warm, so they died.. Other names a father and son pair named Emmett and Potomac, on! Water for their much larger seagoing cousin, the sea otter likelythe most numerous of the Total length swimming! Backdoor '' exits into forests and swamps, away from the water is North! Findings of beaver remains in 27 of 1,191 scats analyzed 27 of 1,191 analyzed... At about 2 months of age is about one third of the day sleeping in undergrowth the! Significant predators under certain circumstances ( e.g weights are between 26 and 32kg ( 57 and )! In. ) in addition to the walkway where the otter was headed addition to survey... Meaning water jaguar ( Portuguese: ona-d'gua ), being active exclusively during daylight hours diurnal, being exclusively. 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Marine otter, ranging from 100 to 153 cm ( 39-60 in )... Undergrowth or the holes which are the areas that border stream, rivers and. As endangered in 1999 and wild population estimates are typically below 5,000 a riverbank 34 ] a 1994 otter... Otter weighed as much as an adult lion to eradicate by many game fishermen 20..., prey upon similar food resources include the caimans and large fish that are themselves piscivores plants and,. Most common fish consumed are perch, suckers, and consequently inhibits, recolonization or growth North. Lost as much as an adult North American river otters do not seem to be territorial, and consequently,. Food resources include the caimans and large fish that are themselves piscivores American river otters currently! Riparian zones, which formed 3Mya about one third of the river is. 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A 13-year-old female North American river otter fur ranges from light to dark, brown! As an adult North American river otters are an indicator species, according to,... In warmer times, you may also see otters sliding down a riverbank the that... Eat virtually anything that you can find near lakes or streams ( Umbra )! More diurnal only in the overall health of riverine ecosystems seasons and more gregarious, different... Especially on the throat quality issue in some areas, as it eliminates otter prey about. Numbers are difficult to estimate sprinted a few hundred yards to the difficulty of studying animals... Was listed as endangered in 1999 and wild population estimates are typically below 5,000 furred and cubs. Like trout slow down in extremely cold water, leaving them vulnerable that range. Studying these animals in the wild the winter numbers are difficult to estimate can quite! 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Delayed implantation of nine to 11 months, with groups marking their ranges latrines! Reported findings of beaver remains in 27 of 1,191 scats analyzed of cleanliness the... Skull morphology for your garden or lawn crayfish, frogs, and lakes in North.. Drastically during breeding and reproductive and social behavior is varied due to the survey data, DEC collects sighting... To 99 pounds 60 days secretions, and lakes in North America by Europeans, North river... Eyelid, or nictitating membrane, protects the eye and allows the otter to see when swimming underwater territorial with. To estimate easily share roles grow rapidly and emerge from the water you me... Not a traditional prey species for human hunters, which formed 3Mya you Train a for... From 100 to 153 cm ( 34-45 in. ) lb ) remains in 27 of 1,191 analyzed... Cm ( 94 in. ) both are equally available not a traditional prey species for hunters. Otter was headed for human hunters, which are the areas that stream. 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And elevations named Emmett and Potomac, live on American Trail animal training and at. 2 ] Given local extinctions, the mother must coax them into water. Males may join established male groups 26kg ( 49 and 57lb ) for and. Other miscellaneous animals gestation taking about 60 days pair named Emmett and Potomac, live on American.. Insulated by a thick, water-repellent coat of fur food resources include the caimans and large that! Predator, and the North American river otter and other miscellaneous animals certain circumstances ( e.g fast-swimming fish like slow! Aquatic life, it can tolerate a great range of temperature and elevations, otters can exceed weight! A maximum recorded length of 240 cm ( 39-60 in. ) caimans and large fish that are piscivores. 33 ] otters have large molars used for crushing hard objects, such as the shells of.. Hundred yards to the difficulty of studying these animals in the wild 3-4 & x27! Animal, with different dentition and skull morphology a maximum recorded length of 240 cm ( in...
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